Yogurt's back in the spotlight, this time for first-of-its-kind findings from Mass General Brigham

A February 2025 study published in the journal Gut Microbes reveals a surprising link between long-term yogurt consumption and a reduced risk of developing certain subtypes of colorectal cancer—specifically, tumors that contain Bifidobacterium, a common probiotic found in yogurt.^[]

Bacteria and cancer: A gut check

Researchers analyzed data from two large-scale prospective cohort studies, covering over 132,000 individuals. During follow-up, 3,079 cases of colorectal cancer were documented, and tumor tissue samples from 1,121 of those cases were analyzed for the presence of Bifidobacterium.

Here’s where things get interesting: Individuals who consumed at least two servings of yogurt per week had a 20% lower risk of developing colorectal tumors that tested positive for Bifidobacterium, compared to those who ate yogurt less than once per month.

owever, this protective effect did not extend to tumors that lacked Bifidobacterium. In fact, the hazard ratio for Bifidobacterium-negative tumors was slightly elevated (though not statistically significant).

The proximal colon connection

The findings were especially notable for cancers located in the proximal colon, where the differential effect of yogurt intake was strongest.

In this subgroup, the association between yogurt consumption and tumor development again depended on the presence of Bifidobacterium in the tumor tissue, suggesting a location-specific interaction between diet, microbiome, and cancer risk.

What it means for prevention

While previous research has linked probiotic-rich diets to better gut health and potentially lower cancer risk, this is one of the first studies to suggest that yogurt may help prevent a specific subtype of colorectal cancer—those containing the very bacteria yogurt introduces into the gut.

Still, the researchers caution that more studies are needed to confirm a causal relationship. The study doesn't prove yogurt prevents cancer, but it does support the idea that diet and gut bacteria interact in complex ways that could influence cancer development.

So while yogurt won’t replace regular screenings or a healthy lifestyle, it might just offer targeted protection—especially if you’re feeding the right bugs.

Jared Stockwell, PharmD, an ICU pharmacist, explains his recommendation in an Instagram reel: "Incorporating yogurt into your meals is a simple and delicious way to promote well-being. Whether as a quick breakfast, a snack, or a versatile ingredient in various dishes, yogurt offers numerous health benefits. Remember, small dietary choices can have a significant impact on your health."