Urology Medical News about Paraneoplastic syndromes, urological malignancies

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Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with urological malignancies
Urologia Internationalis, 07/29/09

Sacco E et al. – In a study to provide urologists with an overview on main clinical aspects of paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) that have been reported to be associated to urological cancers, it seems that endocrine PNS are frequently associated with urological cancers, especially renal and prostate carcinoma (PCa). PNS have been rarely reported in association with cancers of bladder, urethra, and testicle.

Methods

Literature search of peer-reviewed papers published by July 2008.

Results

All genitourinary tumors can cause a PNS, and renal cell carcinoma is the most frequent urological malignancy involved.
PCa is the second urological tumor associated with PNS which, conversely, are uncommon in bladder cancer and rare in testicular cancer.
Tumor neuroendocrine differentiation is involved in most endocrine PNS.
Neurologic PNS are very uncommon but may dominate the clinical picture and need a high suspicion index to be recognized.
Important advances have been made on radionuclide scan methods to detect the primary tumor.
The most effective treatment strategy is always represented by the radical therapy of the underlying cancer, but specific therapeutic options are sometimes available.

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