Urology News & Articles

1 Tumor cavitation among lung cancer patients receiving first-line chemotherapy at a tertiary care centre in India: association with histology and overall survival Medical Oncology, May 20, 2013
Singh N et al. - Clinical significance of tumor cavitation (TC) prior to and following first-line chemotherapy of lung cancer is unclear. An evaluation of the incidence and prognostic role of TC among treatment naive lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at a tertiary care institute in North India was undertaken. Squamous histology has a significant association with presence of baseline TC and of new onset TC after chemotherapy. Presence of baseline TC has an independent ...

2 Fluid dynamics, cavitation, and tip-to-tissue interaction of longitudinal and torsional ultrasound modes during phacoemulsification Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery, April 2, 2013
Zacharias J et al. - This study aims to describe the fluidic events that occur in a test chamber during phacoemulsification with longitudinal and torsional ultrasound (US) modalities. High-speed imaging and particle image velocimetry yielded a better understanding and differentiated the fluidic pattern behavior between longitudinal and torsional US during phacoemulsification. These recordings also showed more detailed aspects of cavitation that clarified its role in lens material ...

3 RANTES and fibroblast growth factor 2 in jawbone cavitations: triggers for systemic disease? International Journal of General Medicine, May 3, 2013
Lechner J et al. - JC bone samples were analyzed to assess the expression and quantification of immune modulators that can play a role in the pathogenesis of IDs. The study supports a potential mechanism where JC is a mediating link in IDs. This study suggests that JC might serve as a fundamental cause of IDs, through RANTES/FGF-2 production. Thus, JC and implicated immune messengers represent an integrative aspect of IDs and serve as a possible cause. Removing JCs may be a key to ...

4 Intrachoroidal Cavitation in North Carolina Macular Dystrophy JAMA Ophthalmology, May 17, 2013
Schoenberger SD et al. - North Carolina macular dystrophy (NCMD) is an autosomal dominantly inherited condition with 3 phenotypic grades. Grade 1 has yellow or white drusenlike deposits. Grade 2 features confluent drusen, pigmentary changes, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) atrophy, or subretinal scarring. Grade 3 is described as a macular staphyloma, coloboma, or caldera with hyperpigmentation and subretinal fibrosis. Different grades and expressivity may be seen within one family, and ...

5 Congenital Hypertrophy of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Choroidal Cavitation Demonstrated on Spectral-Domain OCT Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging, May 20, 2013
Schwartz SG et al. - A patient with solitary congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium demonstrated a striking choroidal cavitation on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Although photoreceptor atrophy overlying congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium has been described on time-domain OCT, this patient manifested a previously unrecognized tomographic feature.

6 Comparing potential early caries assessment methods for teledentistry BMC Oral Health, April 5, 2013
Hilsen ZV et al. - Optical caries detection has the potential to be incorporated in telehealth medicine for preventive dental screening. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare visible and near infrared detection methods for identifying early non-cavitated ex vivo occlusal demineralization. Although MID and CP-OCT were useful in detecting the presence of demineralization, examiners were not able to utilize these devices to adequately assess the depth of the ...

7 A Misinterpreted Case of Aorta Prosthesis Endocarditis: Remember The Phenomenon of Microbubbles Echocardiography, May 2, 2013
Lerche CJ et al. - A 17-year-old male with a history of newly implanted mechanical valve at the aortic position, presented with fever, rigors, and painful cutaneous abscesses on his lower extremities and was suspected for infective endocarditis. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed a vegetation-like structure following the movement of the mechanical heart valve (MHV), which eventually proved to be a product of degassing microbubbles (MB).

8 Pulmonary Aspergilloma in a Cavity Formed After Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, May 6, 2013
Alberti N et al. - The first patient was a 59-year-old white woman treated for a secondary lung nodule of an advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. One month after PRFA, a consolidation of a cavity was noticed with an “air crescent sign,” and aspergilloma serology was highly positive. A bisegmentectomy was performed due to the proximity of the lesion to mediastinal vessels and the absence of significant regression after antifungal treatment. Histological examination confirmed the ...

9 Is a 4-month regimen adequate to cure patients with non-cavitary tuberculosis and negative cultures at 2 months? The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, May 16, 2013
Phillips PPJ et al. - A recent trial evaluating a 4-month regimen of standard drugs in adults with non-cavitary tuberculosis (TB) and negative cultures at 2months failed to demonstrate equivalence compared to the same regimen given for 6 months. The results from the BMRC trials in patients with non-cavitary TB and negative cultures at 2months were consistent with those from the recent trial. However, given that there was no acquired drug resistance, the estimated 6.6% ...

10 Image-Guided Non-invasive Ultrasound Liver Ablation Using Histotripsy Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, May 20, 2013
Vlaisavljevich E et al. - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or liver cancer, is one of the fastest growing cancers in the United States. This work shows that histotripsy is capable of non-invasively fractionating liver tissue while preserving critical anatomic structures within the liver. Results suggest histotripsy has potential for the non-invasive ablation of liver tumors.