Heart-lung transplantation in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect Januszewska K et al. - Heart–lung transplantation in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect requires carefully planned and meticulously performed surgical intervention. This management should be taken into consideration as a future option if the specific anatomy is uncorrectable in early childhood, and the palliative procedures should be avoided. [more...]