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Breast cancer related lymphedema in patients with different loco-regional treatments
The Breast, 03/30/2012
Ozcinar B et al. – The incidence of lymphedema gradually increased in time and a quarter of patients experienced the complication at the end of year. The rate of lymphedema in patients with axillary lymph node dissection group (ALND) was significantly higher than patients with SLNB alone. If radiotherapy (RT) added to sentinel lymph node biopsy group (SLNB) the lymphedema rate was getting higher than SLNB alone. In all patients lymphedema rate was decreased one year after the surgery and further decreased at median 64 months follow–up time period.
Methods- Patients surgically treated for early-stage breast cancer were prospectively enrolled in the study.
- Demographic, clinical, pathological, and loco-regional treatments data of patients and lymphedema rates were recorded.
- Patients were divided into six groups regarding different loco-regional treatments.
- Pre- and postoperative (12months, and median 64months after surgery) circumferences of arms were recorded.
- 218 patients, all female with a median age of 48 (19-82)years, were included in the study.
- The numbers of patients in breast conservation surgery group (BCS) (N=104), mastectomy group (N=114), sentinel lymph node biopsy group (SLNB) (N=80), axillary lymph node dissection group (ALND) (N=138), group with radiotherapy (RT) (N=88) and group without radiotherapy (N=130).
- Incidence of lymphedema after surgery in mid-term period was 24.8%.
- The rate of lymphedema at 64 months median follow-up time was 7.3%.
- (BCS: 11.1%, 4.2% and 0.5%; Mastectomy: 15.0%, 3.2% and 1.4%; SLNB: 8.0%, 1.9% and 0.5%; ALND: 18.0%, 5.3% and 1.4%; RT: 14.7%, 6.3% and 1.4%; without RT: 11.4%, 2.1% and 0.5%).
- When they excluded patients with both mid-term and late term lymphedema, only four patients developed lymphedema at late time, then re-calculated late term lypmhedema rate was 1.8%.
- The factors affecting the lymphedema was ALND and radiotherapy (RT) and no lymphedema was detected in patients underwent breast conserving surgery and SLNB.
- Age and body mass index were not related to lymphedema at any time.
