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Decreased bone mineral density in adults born with very low birth weight: a cohort study
PLoS Medicine, 09/15/09

Hovi P et al. – Young adults born with VLBW were studied close to the age of peak bone mass. Significantly lower BMD than do their term-born peers was observed. This suggests that compromised childhood bone mass accrual in preterm VLBW children translates into increased risk for osteoporosis in adulthood, warranting vigilance in osteoporosis prevention.

Methods

Evaluated skeletal health in 144 participants (all born preterm, mean gestational age 29.3 wk, birth weight 1,127 g, birth weight Z score 1.3)
139 comparison participants born at term, matched for gender, age, and birth hospital
BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at age 18.5 to 27.1 y

Results

Adults born with VLBW had a 0.51-unit lower lumbar spine Z score and a 0.56-unit lower femoral neck Z score for areal BMD
These differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for the VLBW adults' shorter height and lower self-reported exercise intensity

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