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How to manage patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who are also antiphospholipid antibody positive
Best Practice & Research: Clinical Rheumatology, 07/27/09
Giles I et al. – The purpose of this article is to discuss the significance of a positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) result in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with particular reference to the nature of the aPL test performed and the presence (or absence) of clinical features of APS. The implications of these findings for the management of obstetric and thrombotic complications of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in patients with SLE are also discussed as well as the potential impact of any future therapies.
- All pts with suspected or confirmed SLE should have blood tests for aPL; positive test can be one of the criteria for diagnosis of SLE
- Currently widely available tests: anti-cardiolipin ELISA, LA and anti-b2GPI ELISA
- A patient with persistently positive results in any of these tests may develop APS
- If they have not yet developed any features of APS but do have SLE, use of low-dose aspirin is advisable; hydroxychloroquine and/or statins may help too
- Pts with APS characterised by VT should be treated with long-term anticoagulation to prevent recurrent thrombosis
- Pts with APS characterised by PM are treated with aspirin; may also be treated with sc heparin throughout pregnancy
- Newer, more targeted treatments for APS are being developed
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