Rheumatology Medical News about AA amyloidogenesis

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Cellular events associated with the initial phase of AA amyloidogenesis: Insights from a human monocyte model
Amyloid The Journal of Protein Folding Disorders, 09/16/08

Magy N et al. - The ability of human monocytes to endocytose and intracellularly transform serum amyloid A (SAA) into amyloid via a mechanism that requires and maintains, rather than compromises, metabolic activity distinguishes them as a useful model for probing earliest events in the disease process.

Methods

Human monocyte cultures were used to examine the amyloid formation
Cultures were stained with Congo red and Alcian blue for detection of amyloid and glycosaminglycans, respectively
IHC to identify SAA/AA, CD68, CD14, lysosomal protein Lamp-1, and early endosomal protein EEA1
SAA interaction with monocytes was also visualized using fluorescence confocal microscopy

Results

Amyloid initially detected only in intracellular vesicles, but with time extracellularly
Morphologic changes in lysosomes seen during early phase of amyloid formation
Cultures engaged in amyloid formation remained metabolically active
No cytotoxic effects were observed
Amyloid formation was accompanied by increased glycosaminoglycan content and C-terminal processing of SAA

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