Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D
Mithal A et al. - Reports from across the world indicate that hypovitaminosis D is widespread and is re-emerging as a major health problem globally. Methods- Purpose of this review was:
- To provide a global perspective of vitamin D status across different regions of the world and
- To identify the common and significant determinants of hypovitaminosis D
- 6 regions of the world were reviewed: Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa, Latin America, North America, and Oceania, through a survey of published literature
Results- Definition of vit D insufficiency and deficiency, as well as assay methodology for 25(OH)D, vary between studies
- However, serum 25(OH)D levels <75 nmol/L are prevalent in every region studied
- Levels below Main factors associated with lower 25(OH)D levels:
- Older age, female sex, higher latitude, winter season,
- darker skin pigmentation, less sunlight exposure,
- dietary habits, and absence of vitamin D fortification
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