Direct Measurement of Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area by Single-Beat Three-Dimensional Color Doppler Echocardiography in Mitral Regurgitation: A Validation Study
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, 06/29/2012
de AgustÃn JA et al. – Direct measurement of proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) without geometric assumptions using single–beat, real–time 3D color Doppler echocardiography is feasible in the clinical setting. MR quantification using this methodology is more accurate than the conventional 2D PISA method.



