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Are nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline or bupropion options for pregnant mothers to quit smoking? Effects on the respiratory system of the offspring
Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease, 09/25/09

Maritz GS et al. – The use of individual vitamin supplements is also not advisable because of the negative impact on the program that controls maintenance of lung structural and functional integrity and aging. A more appropriate smoking cessation program will also include a mixture of antioxidant nutrients such as in tomato juice.

Exclusive Author Commentary
Gert S. Maritz, 09/30/09

Since nicotine intake by the mother during gestation and lactation is adversely affecting the 'program" that controls lung mainteance and aging, we suggest that NRT to quid smoking is not advisable. Many pregnant mothers find it difficult to quid and since smoking and nicotine reduce the antioxidant capacity of both mother and developing fetus, we investigate the effect of antioxidants to improve the antioxidant capacity and so to prevent the adverse effects of nicotine (smoking) on lung development in the offspring. Although vitamin C administration intraperitoneally partially protected the lungs from the adverse effects of nicotine, it, when given alone, also interfered with lung development. It is important to clearly state that it only affected the lungs of the offsprng and not the lungs of the mature animals. A second aspect to takenote of is that vitamin C content of blood and tissue is tightly controlled and that oral intake of vitamin C dont cause a drastic increase in blood and tissue levels. However, intraperitoneal or intravenous administration override this control and result in hgher blood and tissue levels of this vitamin. It implies that oral intake may not have a detrimental intake on lung development, This is not yet confirmed and studies to investigate this is currently undertaken. It is therefore advisable not to increase the vitamin C intake of the pregnant mother untill it is established which route of vitamin C supplementation is safe. It is also important to note that the individual vitamins do not act in isolation and that supplementation of only one may cause imbalances which may have a detrimental effet on co-operation between vitamins. Lycopene in tomato juice and pasts etc is present with other phytonutrients and minerals which makes its antioxidant action more effective and appears to be safe to use.

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