Pulmonology News & Articles

1 The Cardio-Metabolic Risk of Moderate and Severe Obesity in Children and Adolescents The Journal of Pediatrics, March 6, 2013
Rank M et al. – To compare the cardio–metabolic risk profile between moderately obese and severely obese children and adolescents. Severely obese individuals have a markedly more unfavorable cardio–metabolic risk profile than those who are moderately obese. The results of this study underscore the substantial effect of severe obesity on health and highlights that these children need to receive particular attention regarding obesity treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study involving 463 ...

2 Clinical characteristics, sepsis interventions and outcomes in the obese patients with septic shock: an international multicenter cohort study Critical Care, April 18, 2013
Arabi YM et al. – The authors sought to examine the possible impact of obesity, as assessed by BMI, on hospital mortality in septic shock patients. obesity paradox (lower mortality in the obese) documented in other populations is also observed in septic shock. This may be related in part to differences in patient characteristics. However, the true paradox may lie in the variations in the sepsis interventions such as the administration of resuscitation fluids and antimicrobial therapy. ...

3 Prevalence of obesity and extreme obesity in children aged 3–5 years Pediatric Obesity, May 17, 2013
Lo JC et al. – Early childhood adiposity may have significant later health effects. This study examines the prevalence and recognition of obesity and severe obesity among preschool–aged children. obesity and severe obesity are evident as early as age 3–5 years, with race/ethnic trends similar to older children. This study underscores the need for continued recognition and contextualization of early childhood obesity in order to develop effective strategies for early weight management. ...

4 Diet composition and activity level of at risk and metabolically healthy obese american adults Obesity, April 18, 2013
Hankinson AL et al. – obesity often clusters with other major cardiovascular disease risk factors, yet a subset of the obese appears to be protected from these risks. The results do not support hypotheses that diet composition and/or physical activity account for the absence of cardiometabolic abnormalities in metabolically healthy obese. Methods The authors hypothesized that metabolically healthy obese have more favorable behavioral factors, including less adverse diet composition ...

5 Prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and associated factors in hypertensive adults aged 45-75 years Clinical Nutrition, May 8, 2013
Qin X et al. - The authors aimed to examine the prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and associated factors in 17,656 Chinese hypertensive adults aged 45–75 years. They found a high prevalence of overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity in Chinese hypertensive adults, particularly in inland areas. Methods A cross-sectional investigation was carried out in Lianyungang, China. Overweight or obesity was defined as a body mass index of ≥25kg/m 2 . Abdominal ...

6 Very severely obese patients have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease Acta Diabetologia, March 12, 2013
Vinciguerra F et al. – The aim of the study was to investigate whether the severity of obesity was correlated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), metabolic syndrome (MS), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in a large cohort of patients with different degrees of obesity. Super–obesity (SO) patients have an extremely high prevalence of glucose metabolism deterioration, and cardio–metabolic complications are more ...

7 Vitamin D deficiency in childhood obesity is associated with high levels of circulating inflammatory mediators, and low insulin sensitivity International Journal of Obesity, June 19, 2013
Reyman M et al. – Childhood obesity is accompanied by low–grade systemic inflammation, which contributes to the development of insulin resistance and cardiovascular complications later in life. As vitamin D exhibits profound immunomodulatory functions and vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in childhood obesity, the authors hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency in childhood obesity coincides with enhanced systemic inflammation and reduced insulin sensitivity. 25(OH)D deficiency in ...

8 The Impact of Increasing Obesity Class on Obstetrical Outcomes Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, March 6, 2013
El-Chaar D.et al. - This study aims to evaluates the impact of Increasing obesity Class on Obstetrical Outcomes.Nationally, rates of obesity continue to rise, resulting in increased health concerns for women of reproductive age. Identifying the impact of maternal obesity on obstetrical outcomes is important to enhance patient care. It was concluded that increasing BMI is associated with increasing rates of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes. There is ...

9 Increased vitamin D-binding protein and decreased free 25(OH)D in obese women of reproductive age European Journal of Nutrition, April 22, 2013
Karlsson T et al. – Obese subjects have lower circulating 25–hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) than normal–weight subjects. Knowledge is scarce regarding differences in vitamin D–binding protein (DBP), free 25(OH)D, and intake of vitamin D between normal–weight and obese subjects. The purpose of this study was to examine intake and vitamin D status in obese compared with normal–weight women. Obese women had higher DBP concentrations compared with normal–weight women and lower free 25(OH)D. The ...

10 Obesity increases eosinophil activity in asthmatic children and adolescents BMC Pulmonary Medicine, June 18, 2013
Grotta MB et al. – The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of obesity on eosinophil activity (chemotaxis and adhesion) in asthmatic children and adolescents compared with cells from healthy volunteers. This study is the first to show increased eosinophilic activity (chemotaxis and adhesion) associated with high serum leptin and TNF–alpha levels in atopic asthmatic obese children and adolescents compared with non–obese healthy volunteers. Methods Asthmatic obese (AO), ...