Ophthalmology News & Articles

1 Risk Factors for Seropositivity to Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Among Children in Uganda Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, May 15, 2013
Wakeham K et al. - Determinants of kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) seropositivity among children living in sub-Saharan African populations where infection is endemic are not well understood. Local environmental factors, including other infectious agents, may be key. The finding that KSHV serostatus is associated with malaria parasitemia in children is novel. In a country endemic for KSHV, malaria may be a cofactor for KSHV infection or reactivation among children

2 Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Induces Rapid Release of Angiopoietin-2 from Endothelial Cells Journal of Virology, May 17, 2013
Ye FC et al. - kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) stimulates proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation to promote kaposi sarcoma (KS) tumor growth, which involves various growth factors and cytokines. This finding highlights a novel mechanism of viral induction of angiogenesis and inflammation, which might play important roles in the early event of KS tumor development.

3 PGP 9.5 neuronal marker may differentiate immunohistochemically HIV-related from Mediterranean and immunosuppression-associated Kaposis sarcoma Archives of Dermatological Research, May 22, 2013
Xyla V et al. - Mediterranean kaposi’s sarcoma (MKS), HIV-related KS (HIV-KS) and immunosuppression-associated KS (IS-KS), caused by human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8), share similar histological features. KS is associated with decreased ENFs, which may be a histological reflection of nerve damage. This is even more pronounced in HIV-KS patients and could be explained by a neurotoxic action of HHV-8, HIV, and their co-existence.

4 Risk factors for seropositivity to kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus among children in Uganda Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, May 24, 2013
Wakeham K et al. - Determinants of kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) seropositivity among children living in sub-Saharan African populations where infection is endemic are not well understood. Local environmental factors, including other infectious agents, may be key. The finding that KSHV serostatus is associated with malaria parasitemia in children is novel. In a country endemic for KSHV, malaria may be a cofactor for KSHV infection or reactivation among children.

5 Bone Marrow Findings in HIV-Positive Patients With Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease American Journal of Clinical Pathology, May 2, 2013
Venkataraman G et al. - kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus-8, is associated with 1 form of multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and is the etiologic agent for most MCD in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients. Bone marrow biopsy specimens in KSHV-MCD patients recapitulate findings of interleukin-6 excess. In patients with HIV, unexplained cytopenias, and bone marrow plasmacytosis, evaluation for KSHV-MCD is warranted.

6 Regulation of Viral and Cellular Gene Expression by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Polyadenylated Nuclear RNA Journal of Virology, May 7, 2013
Rossetto CC et al. - kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the cause of kaposi's sarcoma and body cavity lymphoma. In cell culture, KSHV results in a latent infection, and lytic reactivation is usually induced with the expression of K-Rta or by treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) and/or n-butyrate. The data support a role for PAN RNA as a major global regulator of viral and cellular gene expression.

7 Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Encoded Viral IRF3 Modulates Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC-II) Antigen Presentation through MHC-II Transactivator-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms: Implications for Oncogenesis Journal of Virology, May 14, 2013
Zuo J et al. - Evasion of immune T cell responses is crucial for persistent viruses to establish a normal carrier state. Most studies on active immune modulation mechanisms have focused on the stage of virus production in infected cells, when large numbers of viral antigens and potential immune modulators are expressed. The data implicate vIRF3 as a critical determinant of the MHC-II antigen presentation function in KSHV-associated PELs that is likely to be important in the ...

8 Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of HIV-related Kaposi's Sarcoma Anticancer Research, May 15, 2013
Donato V et al. - kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent neoplasm occurring in patients with HIV-related AIDS and very often exhibits multifocal distribution so that a systemic approach is needed. RT will be a mainstay of cure for this group of patients especially when of young age and the will to preserve the cosmetic appearance is a primary need.

9 Molecularly targeted therapies for nonmelanoma skin cancers International Journal of Dermatology, May 24, 2013
Liu LS, et al. - In a review of the molecular pathways critical to the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers and the novel pharmacologic agents that target them; treatments including vismodegib for basal cell carcinoma, cetuximab for squamous cell carcinomas, imatinib for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and sirolimus for kaposi's sarcoma are discussed. Over the past 2 decades, advances in the fields of cancer genetics and molecular biology have elucidated molecular pathways that ...

10 PD-L1 expression is characteristic of a subset of aggressive B-cell lymphomas and virus-associated malignancies Clinical Cancer Research, May 16, 2013
Chen BJ et al. - Certain aggressive B-cell lymphomas and virus- and immunodeficiency-associated malignancies associated with an ineffective T-cell immune response express PD-L1 on tumor cells and infiltrating macrophages. These results identify a group of neoplasms that should be considered for PD-1/PD-L1-directed therapies, and validate methods to detect PD-L1 in FFPE tissue biopsies. Methods Using novel antibodies and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue biopsies, we ...