Clear-cell papillary renal cell carcinoma: molecular and immunohistochemical analysis with emphasis on the von Hippel–Lindau gene and hypoxia-inducible factor pathway-related proteins
Modern Pathology, 06/06/2011
Rohan SM et al.– The findings suggest that the co–expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), hypoxia–inducible factor (HIF)–1alpha, and glucose transporter–1 (GLUT–1)) in the absence of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene alterations in clear–cell papillary renal cell carcinoma suggests activation of the HIF pathway by non–VHL–dependent mechanisms.
