Abumaree MH et al. – Phagocytosis of trophoblast debris also increased macrophage expression of the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3–dioxygenase (IDO). The authors have shown that phagocytosis of trophoblast debris from normal placentae alters the phenotype of macrophages such that they are likely to deviate maternal immune responses towards tolerance and away from inflammation. This may be one of the mechanisms that allow the human fetal allograft to survive in direct contact with the maternal immune system.
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