Nursing Medical News about Depression Diabetes Mellitus Mortality

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Lin EHB et al. – Patients with diabetes and coexisting depression face substantially elevated mortality risks beyond cardiovascular deaths.

Methods

a prospective cohort study of 4,184 primary care patients with type 2 diabetes at Group Health Cooperative in Washington state.
the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ–9) was used to assess depression at baseline and reviewed medical records supplemented by the Washington state mortality registry to ascertain the causes of death.

Results

581 patients died during the follow–up period. Deaths occurred among 428 (12.9%) patients with no depression, among 88 (17.8%) patients with major depression, and among 65 (18.2%) patients with minor depression.
Causes of death were grouped as cardiovascular disease, 42.7%; cancer, 26.9%; and deaths that were not due to cardiovascular disease or cancer, 30.5%.
Infections, dementia, renal failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the most frequent causes in the latter group.
Adjusting for demographic characteristics, baseline major depression (relative to no depression) was significantly associated with all–cause mortality, with cardiovascular mortality, and with noncardiovascular, noncancer mortality.
After additional adjustment for baseline clinical characteristics and health habits, major depression was significantly associated only with all–cause mortality and with death not caused by cancer or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Minor depression showed similar but nonsignificant associations.