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The Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders
Clinical Neuropharmacology, 10/13/09

Ross S et al. – In the path from substance abuse to addiction, the neurochemistry shifts from a dopamine–based behavioral system to a predominantly glutamate–based one marked by dysregulated glutamate transmission from the prefrontal cortex to the nucleus accumbens in relation to drug versus biologically oriented stimuli. This is a core part of the executive dysfunction now understood as one of the hallmark features of addiction that also includes impaired decision making and impulse dysregulation. Understanding the neurobiology of the addictive process allows for a theoretical psychopharmacological approach to treating addictive disorders, one that takes into account biological interventions aimed at particular stages of the illness.

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