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Neuroendocrine carcinomas arising in solid-organ transplant recipients: rare but aggressive malignancies
Oncology (Karger), 11/25/09

Fiebigera W et al. – The occurrence of NETs/undifferentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas following organ transplantation appears to be rare, with an incidence comparable with the normal population. Our data suggest a highly aggressive course with a dismal prognosis and unresponsiveness to chemotherapy.

• Retrospectively analyzed patients undergoing organ transplantation between 1985 and 2001 in order to assess the frequency and clinical course of NETs in organ transplant recipients
• 3,190 organ transplant recipients with sufficient clinical data identified (2,521 kidney and 669 heart transplants)

• In total, 161/3,190 patients (5%) developed malignancies, with 6 of them being classified as NETs (0.18%)
• Interestingly, all 6 patients diagnosed with undifferentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas, while no indolent NETs seen
• 4 of these patients had undergone renal, 1 patient heart and 1 patient both heart and renal transplantation
• All 6 patients given chemotherapy, but none of them responded, as all patients showed disease progression after median of 3 cycles of chemotherapy (range 1-4) with the median survival being 4.8 months (range 2-11)

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