Neurology Medical News about brain atrophy, cognition, lesion distribution, multiple sclerosis

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Cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis: Impact of topographic lesion distribution on differential cognitive deficit patterns
Multiple Sclerosis, 08/12/09

Tiemann L et al. – Third ventricle width as a direct measure of central atrophy has substantial predictive value for cognitive dysfunction vs a minor role for total lesion load. Periventricular lesions were significantly related to decreased psychomotor speed vs equally distributed cerebral lesion load. Findings support the idea that periventricular lesions have a determinant impact on cognition in pts with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods

Study of the significance of total lesion area (TLA) and central atrophy for prediction of general cognitive dysfunction
Test for correspondence between lesion topography and specific cognitive deficit patterns
Neuropsychological assessment and magnetic resonance imaging for 37 pts with MS
Quantification of lesion burden and central atrophy
Pt classification into 3 groups by individual lesion topography: punctiform lesions/periventricular lesions/confluencing lesions in both periventricular and extra-periventricular regions

Results

TLA significantly related to 7 cognitive variables
Third ventricle width significantly associated with 20 cognitive parameters
Significant difference for 3 groups in performance on tasks concerning alertness, mental speed, and memory function

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