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Differential Improvements in Lipid Profiles and Framingham Recurrent Risk Score in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Long-Term Cardiac Rehabilitation
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 09/01/2011
Carroll S et al. – This study showed that numerous anthropometric, submaximal fitness, and cardiometabolic risk variables (especially LDL–C level) improved significantly after long–term Cardiac Rehabilitation(CR). However, some aspects of cardiometabolic risk (measures incorporating TC and HDL–C) improved significantly in only the nondiabetic group.
Methods- Retrospective analysis of patient case records was done in Community–based phase 4 CR program setting.
- Patients without diabetes (n=154; 89% men; mean±SD age, 59.6±8.5y; body mass index [BMI], 27.0±3.5kg/m2) and patients with diabetes (n=20; 81% men; mean age, 63.0±8.7y; BMI, 28.7±3.3kg/m2) who completed 15 months of CR.
- Cardiometabolic risk factors and 2– to 4–year Framingham recurrent CHD risk scores were assessed.
- At follow up, a significant main effect for time was evident for decreased body mass and waist circumference and improved low–density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–C) level and submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness (all P<.05), showing the benefits of CR in both groups.
- However, a significant group–by–time interaction effect was evident for high–density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–C) level and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL–C ratio (both P<.05).
- TC/HDL–C ratio improved (5.0±1.5 to 4.4±1.3) in patients without diabetes, but showed no improvement in patients with diabetes (4.8±1.6 v 4.9±1.6).