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Small renal masses: incidental diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and prognostic factors
Advances in Urology, 07/15/09

Sanchez-Martin FM et al. - In a review of the incidental diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and prognostic factors of small renal masses (SRM), it was concluded that only some SRMs are benign. The great majority of malign SRMs have good prognosis (low stage and grade, no metastasis) with open or laparoscopic surgical treatment (nephron sparing techniques).

Methods

Clinical presentation, incidental diagnosis, and prognosis factors of SRMs are discussed in this review.

Results

SRMs are defined as lesions less than 4?cm in diameter. SRM could be benign, and most malignant SMRs are low stage and low grade.
Clinical symptoms like hematuria are very rare, being diagnosed by chance (incidental) in most cases.
Size, stage, and grade are still the most consistent prognosis factors in (RCC).
An enhanced contrast SRM that grows during active surveillance is clearly malignant, and its aggressive potential increases in those greater than 3?cm.
Clear cell carcinoma is the most frequent cellular type of malign SRM.

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