Cakmakkaya S et al. - In the last years percutaneous nephrolithotomy is very often used in the therapy of urinary calculi. Supracostal approach is favorable in the therapy of upper calices calculi, but the risk of pneumothorax and hydrothorax should be considered. In our case report; a hydrothorax complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed via supracostal approach is presented.