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Chronic daily headache in adolescents. An 8-year follow-up study
Neurology, 07/21/09
Wang S–J et al. – Long–term follow–up showed marked decline in frequency of chronic daily headache (CDH), but significant headache disability persisted in 25% of pts. Migraine history was a major factor in evolution of CDH into young adulthood. Early onset and longer duration of CDH implied a protracted disease course.
Methods- Study of long–term outcome of a community–based adolescent cohort with CDH
- Field sample of 122 adolescents age 12–14 yrs with CDH in 2000 (baseline) with short–term follow–up studies in 2001 and 2002
- Re–interview via telephone of cohort in 2008 by physicians for headache profile in past yr
- Headache disability questionnaire: Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS)
- CDH presence defined as ±15 headache days/mo, average ≥4 hrs/day for >3 mo
- Outcome measures: headache frequency, MIDAS score, and presence of CDH in 2008
- Total of 103 subjects (26 male/77 female, mean age 21.6 ± 0.9 yrs) completed study (response rate 84.4%)
- Average monthly headache frequency: 4.7 ± 6.0 (0–N30) days
- Moderate or severe headache disability (MIDAS ≥11) for 28 subjects (27.2%)
- CDH criteria met by 12 subjects (12%)
- Most common subtype: chronic migraine in 10 subjects (83%)
- Medication overuse by 2 subjects (2%)
- Fairly consistent frequencies of migraine diagnoses from 2000–2008
- Presence of migraine at baseline predicted poorer outcome of all 3 measures
- CDH onset at age ≤13 yrs, duration ≥2 yrs and medication overuse predicted either higher headache frequencies or presence of CDH in 2008
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