Milk phospholipid and plant sterol-dependent modulation of plasma lipids in healthy volunteers
European Journal of Nutrition, 07/31/2012
Keller S et al. – Milk PL supplementations influence plasma cholesterol concentrations, but without changes of LDL/HDL ratio. A combined high–dose milk phospholipid (PL) and plant sterol (PSt) supplementation decreases plasma LDL cholesterol concentration, but it probably enforces absorption of fatty acids or fatty acid–containing hydrolysis products that originated during lipid digestion.
Methods- In an open–label intervention study, 14 women received dairy products enriched with moderate (3 g PL/day) or high (6 g PL/day) dose of milk PL or a high dose of milk PL combined with PSt (6 g PL/day + 2 g PSt/day) during 3 periods each lasting 10 days.
- Total cholesterol concentration and HDL cholesterol concentration were reduced following supplementation with 3 g PL/day.
- No significant change in LDL cholesterol concentration was found compared with baseline.
- High PL dose resulted in an increase of LDL cholesterol and unchanged HDL cholesterol compared with moderate PL dose.
- The LDL/HDL ratio and triglyceride concentration remained constant within the study.
- Except for increased phosphatidyl ethanolamine concentrations, plasma PL concentrations were not altered during exclusive PL supplementations.
- A combined high–dose PL and PSt supplementation led to decreased plasma LDL cholesterol concentration, decreased PL excretion, increased plasma sphingomyelin/phosphatidyl choline ratio, and significant changes in plasma fatty acid distribution compared with exclusive high–dose PL supplementation.
