Oncology Medical News about nausea, vomiting, palonosetron

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Prevention of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: the role of palonosetron
Cancer Management and Research, 08/13/09

Bajetta E et al. - In a review of prevention of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), this article discusses the role of palonosetron in the prevention of acute CINV.

Methods

Prevention of nausea and vomiting is the main goal of antiemetic treatment in cancer pts scheduled to receive chemotherapy.
To prevent acute emesis, antiemetics should be administered just before chemotherapy and pts should be protected for up to 24 hrs after chemotherapy initiation.
The emetogenic potential of chemotherapeutic agents guides clinicians towards the most appropriate antiemetic prophylaxis.

Results

Current guidelines recommend use of 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (RA) either alone or in combination with dexamethasone and/or a neurokinin-1 RA both in the acute and delayed phases.
Second-generation 5-HT3RA palonosetron exhibits a longer half-life and a higher binding affinity than older antagonists.
Palonosetron has been approved by the FDA for prevention of CINV in pts scheduled to receive either moderately (MEC) or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) and for prevention of delayed CINV in pts receiving MEC.

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Palonosetron in Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting After Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy Before Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation--Single Center Experience
Transplantation Proceedings, 11/16/09 Relevance Score: 80%%

Phase 2 trial results with the novel neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist casopitant in combination with ondansetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy
Cancer, 10/20/09 Relevance Score: 68%%

Pharmaceutical interventions facilitate premedication and prevent opioid-induced constipation and emesis in cancer patients
Supportive Care in Cancer, 11/24/09 Relevance Score: 67%%

Casopitant improves the quality of life in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy
Supportive Care in Cancer, 11/10/09 Relevance Score: 67%%

Supplemental oxygen and the incidence of perioperative nausea and vomiting in cesarean sections under subarachnoid block
Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia, 10/05/09 Relevance Score: 67%%