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Upregulation of plakophilin-2 and its acquisition to adherens junctions identifies a novel molecular ensemble of cell-cell-attachment characteristic for transformed mesenchymal cells
International Journal of Cancer, 06/26/09
Rickelt S et al. - In a study to characterize the adherens junctions (AJs) containing N-cadherins and/or cadherin-11, it seems that the integration of Pkp2 into AJs of soft tissue tumor cells also can serve functions in upregulation of proliferation, promotion of malignant growth in general, as well as close-packing of diverse kinds of cells and metastatic behavior of such tumors.
Methods- In contrast to desmosome-containing epithelial and carcinoma cells, normal and malignantly transformed cells derived from mesenchymal tissues and tumors are connected only by AJs containing N-cadherins and/or cadherin-11, anchored in a cytoplasmic plaque assembled by α- and β-catenin, plakoglobin, proteins p120 and p0071.
- The AJs of many malignantly transformed cell lines are characterized by the additional presence of plakophilin-2 (Pkp2), a protein known only as a major component of desmosomal plaques, ie, AJs of epithelia and carcinomatous cells.
- This massive acquisition of Pkp2 and its integration into AJ plaques of a large number of transformed cell lines is demonstrated with biochemical and immunolocalization techniques.
- Upregulation of Pkp2 and its integration into AJs has also been noted in some soft tissue tumors insitu and some highly proliferative colonies of cultured mesenchymal stem cells.
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