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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular diseases
JACC - Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 08/05/09

Lavie CJ et al. – Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ({omega}-3 PUFA) therapy continues to show great promise in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Key evidence for CV benefits is from 4 controlled trials of ~40,000 pts randomized to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) with/without docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in studies of pts in primary prevention, after myocardial infarction and with heart failure (HF).

Methods

Discussion of evidence from retrospective epidemiologic studies and from large randomized controlled trials
Report of insight into potential mechanisms of observed benefits
Evidence shows benefits of {omega}-3 PUFA, specifically EPA and DHA, in primary and secondary CV prevention

Results

Target EPA + DHA consumption: ≥500 mg/day for pts without underlying overt CV disease and ≥ 800-1,000 mg/day for pts with known coronary heart disease and HF
Further studies must determine optimal dosing and relative ratio of DHA and EPA {omega}-3 PUFA that provides maximal cardioprotection in pts at risk of CV disease and treatment of atherosclerotic, arrhythmic, and primary myocardial disorders

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