Cardiology Medical News about early atherosclerosis mechanisms;Cadmium;risk factor

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Cadmium is a novel and independent risk factor for early atherosclerosis mechanisms and in vivo relevance
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 06/30/09

Messner B et al. – Research suggests cadmium (Cd) has promoting effects on early human and murine atherosclerosis, partly offset by high Zinc (Zn) concentrations.

Methods

Study of the effects of Cd in initial stages of atherosclerosis
Subjects: 195 young healthy women of Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Female Youngsters (ARFY) study

Results

Cd independently associated with early atherosclerotic vessel wall thickening (intima-media thickness >90th percentile of distribution
In line, Cd-fed ApoE knockout mice yielded a significantly increased aortic plaque surface vs controls
In vitro results: physiological doses of Cd increase vascular endothelial permeability up to 6-fold
Effect by: 1) inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, and 2) induction of a caspase-independent but Bcl-xL-inhibitable form of cell death >72 hrs after Cd addition
Both phenomena preceded by Cd-induced DNA strand breaks and a cellular DNA damage response
Zn showed potent protective effect against deleterious effects of Cd both in the in vitro and human studies

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