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Sleep Disturbances and Frailty Status in Older Community-Dwelling Men
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 09/30/09

Ensrud E et al. – Sleep disturbances, including poor self–reported sleep quality, lower sleep efficiency, prolonged sleep latency, and sleep–disordered breathing, are independently associated with greater evidence of frailty.

Methods

Cross–sectional analysis of prospective cohort study.
Participants: Three thousand one hundred thirty–three men aged 67 and older.
Self–reported sleep parameters (questionnaire); objective parameters of sleep–wake patterns (actigraphy data collected for an average of 5.2 nights); and objective parameters of sleep–disordered breathing, nocturnal hypoxemia, and periodic leg movements with arousals (PLMAs) (in–home overnight polysomnography).
Frailty status was classified as robust, intermediate stage, or frail using criteria similar to those used in the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty index.

Results

The prevalence of sleep disturbances, including poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, short sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, prolonged sleep latency, sleep fragmentation, sleep–disordered breathing, nocturnal hypoxemia, and frequent PLMAs, was lowest in robust men, intermediate in men in the intermediate–stage group, and highest in frail men
After adjusting for multiple potential confounders, self–reported poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5), sleep efficiency less than 70%, sleep latency of 60 minutes or longer, and sleep–disordered breathing (respiratory disturbance index ?15) were each independently associated with higher odds of greater frailty status.

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