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Effect of exercise on postmenopausal sex hormone levels and role of body fat: A randomized controlled trial
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 08/24/09

Monninkhof EM et al. - Study confirms that fat loss is associated with changes in postmenopausal sex hormone levels and suggests that exercise may be effective in inducing favorable changes in these hormones

• Main objectives of this study were to examine:
  • Effects of a 1-yr exercise intervention on sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women, and
  • Whether any effects are mediated by changes in body fat composition
• 189 sedentary postmenopausal women (age 50-69 yrs, BMI of 22 to 40 kg/m2) assigned to an exercise intervention (n=96) or a control group (n=93)
• Intervention combined aerobic and strength training and comprised supervised group sessions and home-based exercises
• Between-group differences in sex hormone levels at baseline and 4 and 12 mo were examined

• 97% women completed the study
• Overall, the exercise intervention did not result in favorable effects on sex hormone levels
• Among women who lost >2% body fat, declines in all estrogens were not different between exercisers and controls
• Androgen levels decreased significantly in the exercise group who lost body fat vs their peers in the control group
• Fat loss was associated with declines in postmenopausal estrogen levels
• Although not significant, a similar trend was observed for the androgens

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