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Performance evaluation of a new rapid urine test for chlamydia in men: prospective cohort study
British Medical Journal, 08/17/09

Nadala E–C et al. – The performance of the new Chlamydia Rapid Test with first void male urine samples indicates that it would be an effective diagnostic tool for chlamydial infection in men. The availability of test results within an hour allows for immediate treatment and contact tracing, potentially reducing the risks of persistent infection and onward transmission. The test could also provide a simple and reliable alternative to nucleic acid amplification assays for testing of male urine in chlamydial screening programmes in high prevalence settings.

Methods

Prospective cohort study
Participants 1211 men aged 16–73 attending either of the two sites (a young people’s sexual health centre and a genitourinary medicine clinic in the United Kingdom).

Results

Detection rates for Chlamydia trachomatis infection with polymerase chain reaction were 4.4% (20/454) at site 1 and 11.9% (90/757) at site 2. Compared with polymerase chain reaction assay, the resolved sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Chlamydia Rapid Test was 82.6% (90/109), 98.5% (1085/1102), 84.1% (90/107), and 98.3% (1085/1104), respectively.
The organism load in first void urine samples that were positive for chlamydia ranged from 7.28x10^2 to 6.93x10^6 plasmids/ml and correlated significantly with the visual signal of the Chlamydia Rapid Test

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