Top throat cancer Articles in Otolaryngology

Severe oral mucositis associated with cancer therapy: Impact on oral functional status and quality of life
Supportive Care in Cancer, 11/25/2009

Cheng KKF et al. – Severe OM can cause profound pain and oral functional incapability and clinical significant impairment of QoL. Methods Multicenter approach used and ... ul> Results Incidence of severe OM 50% (n=68) 77–80% of patients with severe OM reported moderate or severe mouth or throat pain, and 66–78% reported moderate or severe oral functional problems Oral symptoms peak and area–under–the–curve (AUC ... those with severe OM, 88–94% had drop in OMQoL subscale scores to at least 10 points from baseline Pain resulting from OM, in particular throat pain, most predictive of oral functional impairment (standardized &beta=0.53–0.83) [more...]

Screening for Cancer
MedLinePlus, 11/02/2009

The best way to get a good prognosis when it comes to cancer is to get diagnosed as early as possible and that's where cancer screening tests come in. Here are some of the cancer screening tests that are currently available and the type of cancers that they screen for ... to help detect breast cancer. Pap test to screen for cervical cancer. Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy to help detect colon cancer. Chest X–ray, CT scan or sputum cytology for lung cancer. [more...]

Lung cancer: a biologically different disease in women?
Women's Health, 10/30/2009

Patel JD – Lung cancer is now the leading cancer killer of women, having surpassed breast cancer in 1987. Over 30,000 more US women are expected to die from lung cancer than from breast cancer annually. The vast majority of lung cancer cases ... differences in lung cancer between the sexes. Although the magnitude of the effect of smoking on the development of lung cancer may not be different, smoking appears to have an impact on the histology of lung cancer. Hormonal and biologic effects may play a role in lung cancer carcinogenesis, and ... A more thorough understanding of the biologically different aspects of lung cancer across different populations may lead to innovations in prevention and treatment. [more...]

Contralateral breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10/29/2009

Graeser MK et al. –The goal of this study was to estimate the risk for contralateral breast cancer in members of BRCA1- and BRCA2-positive families and to determine predictive risk factors. Contralateral breast cancer risk depends on age at ... breast cancer and on the affected BRCA gene, and this risk should be considered in treatment planning. Methods Retrospective, multicenter, cohort study 2,020 women with unilateral breast cancer from 978 families who had BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation Cox regression ... to assess association of age at first breast cancer with time from first to contralateral breast cancer, stratified by affected BRCA gene Results Cumulative risk for contralateral breast cancer 25 years after first breast cancer 47.4% (95% CI, 38.8% to 56.0%) for patients ... of contralateral breast cancer than members of families with BRCA2 mutations Members of families with BRCA1 mutations had 1.6-fold higher risk of contralateral breast cancer than members of families with BRCA2 mutations Younger age at first breast cancer associated with ... breast cancer in patients with BRCA1 mutation trend was observed in patients with BRCA2 mutation After 25 years, 62.9% (95% CI, 50.4% to 75.4%) of patients with BRCA1 mutation who were younger than 40 years of age at first breast cancer developed contralateral breast cancer, compared ... only 19.6% (95% CI, 5.3% to 33.9%) of those older than 50 years of age at first breast cancer [more...]

Preventing future cancers by testing women with ovarian cancer for brca mutations
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10/22/2009

Kwon JS et al. – BRCA testing of women with ovarian cancer based on personal/family history of cancer or Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry is a cost-effective strategy to prevent future breast and ovarian cancers among FDRs. More ... cancer cases but at significant cost. Methods Developed a Markov Monte Carlo simulation model to compare four criteria for BRCA testing in women with ovarian cancer: no testing (reference); only if personal history of breast cancer, family history of breast/ovarian cancer, or ... only if invasive serous cancer; any invasive nonmucinous epithelial cancer Net health benefit was life expectancy for FDRs and primary outcome was incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) Model estimated number of future breast and ovarian cancer cases in FDRs BRCA testing based on serous or any nonmucinous epithelial ovarian cancer could prevent more cancer cases, but at ICERs of $128,465 and $148,363 per LY gained, respectively [more...]

Obesity linked to specific cancers
Internet Source, 11/05/2009

About 100,500 new cases of cancer are caused by obesity every year, according to the most comprehensive attempt ever to estimate the cancers attributed to extra weight. The analysis, released today by the American Institute for Cancer Research, is based on updated cancer data and ... released earlier this year by a panel of experts. [more...]

Effect of immunodeficiency, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy on the risk of individual malignancies (FHDH-ANRS CO4): a prospective cohort study : The Lancet Oncology
The Lancet Oncology - Online First, 10/12/2009

Cancer-specific screening programmes need to be assessed in patients with HIV. Methods Incidence of both AIDS-defining cancers (Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer) and non-AIDS-defining cancers (Hodgkin's lymphoma, lung cancer, liver cancer, and anal ... cancer) in 52 278 patients followed up in French Hospital Database on HIV cohort during 1998—2006 (median follow-up 4·9 years, IQR 2·1—7·9; 255 353 person-years)investigated Tested 78 models with different classifications of immunodeficiency, viral load, and cART with Poisson regression Results Current CD4 cell count was most predictive risk factor for all malignancies apart from anal cancer. Compared with patients with CD4 count greater than 500 cells per ?L, rate ratios (RR) ranged from 1·9 (95% CI 1·3—2·7) for CD4 counts 350—499 cells per ?L to 25·2 (17·1—37 ... 2 (0·7—2·2) to 5·4 (2·4—12·1) for Hodgkin's lymphoma , from 2·2 (1·3—3·6) to 8·5 (4·3—16·7) for lung cancer , and from 2·0 (0·9—4·5) to 7·6 (2·7—20·8) for liver cancer For cervical cancer, we noted strong effect of current CD4 (RR 0·7 per log2, 95% CI 0·6—0·8) Risk of Kaposi's ... associated with a decreased incidence (0·3, 0·2—0·4, p<0·0001; and 0·8, 0·6—1·0) RR of cervical cancer for those receiving cART 0·5 (0·3—0·9; ) Risk of anal cancer increased with time during which the CD4 count was less than 200 cells per ?L (1·3 per year, 1·2—1·5), and viral load [more...]

Childhood Cancer Survivors Experience Suicidal Thoughts Decades After Diagnosis
ScienceDaily, 10/27/2009

Adult survivors of childhood cancer have an increased risk for suicidal thoughts, even decades after their cancer treatments ended, according to a study. "Our findings underscore the importance of recognizing the ... between childhood cancer survivors' physical health issues and their risk for suicidal thoughts, as some of the conditions may be treatable,". [more...]

Rethinking Screening for Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer
JAMA, 10/23/2009

Esserman L et al. – After 20 years of screening for breast and prostate cancer, several observations can be made. First, the incidence of these cancers increased after the introduction of screening but has never returned to ... stage cancers has increased. Third, the incidence of regional cancers has not decreased at a commensurate rate. One possible explanation is that screening may be increasing the burden of low–risk cancers without significantly reducing the burden of more aggressively growing cancers and ... resulting in the anticipated reduction in cancer mortality. To reduce morbidity and mortality from prostate cancer and breast cancer, new approaches for screening, early detection, and prevention for both diseases should be considered. [more...]

New Drug Aims To Seek And Destroy Many Types Of Cancer
ScienceDaily, 10/07/2009

A new drug designed to “seek and destroy” common cancers such as breast, prostate, endometrial, pancreatic, ovarian, skin and testicular cancers is being tested. The Phase 1 clinical trial will help determine if EP–100 is safe and effective for use among patients with solid cancer ... tumors, with fewer side effects than chemotherapy or radiation treatment. [more...]