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Decreased bone mineral density in adults born with very low birth weight: a cohort study
PLoS Medicine, 09/15/09

Hovi P et al. – Young adults born with VLBW were studied close to the age of peak bone mass. Significantly lower BMD than do their term-born peers was observed. This suggests that compromised childhood bone mass accrual in preterm VLBW children translates into increased risk for osteoporosis in adulthood, warranting vigilance in osteoporosis prevention.

• Evaluated skeletal health in 144 participants (all born preterm, mean gestational age 29.3 wk, birth weight 1,127 g, birth weight Z score 1.3)
• 139 comparison participants born at term, matched for gender, age, and birth hospital
• BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at age 18.5 to 27.1 y

• Adults born with VLBW had a 0.51-unit lower lumbar spine Z score and a 0.56-unit lower femoral neck Z score for areal BMD
• These differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for the VLBW adults' shorter height and lower self-reported exercise intensity

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