Endocrinology News & Articles

1 Exogenous insulin requirements do not differ between youth and adults with cystic fibrosis related diabetes Pediatric Diabetes, February 14, 2013
Sunni M et al. – To examine whether insulin requirements and diabetes control differ between adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD). Modest insulin requirements suggest the persistence of endogenous insulin secretion in both youth and adults with CFRD. In adolescents, residual endogenous insulin secretion likely compensates for the insulin resistance during puberty, keeping insulin requirements low. Methods All CFRD patients on insulin therapy seen at the ...

2 Short-term intensive insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis The Lancet, March 20, 2013
Kramer C.K. et al.- Studies have shown that, when implemented early in the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment with intensive insulin therapy for 2—3 weeks can induce a glycaemic remission, wherein patients are able to maintain normoglycaemia without any anti-diabetic medication. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies to assess the effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy on the pathophysiological defects underlying ...

3 Insulin Resistance and Left Ventricular Mass in Non-Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients Current Therapeutic Research, February 7, 2013
Karakan S et al. - insulin resistance (IR) is frequently recognized in patients with uremia, and it is thought that IR has a basic role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of IR on cardiovascular risk in non-diabetic patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). insulin resistance and hypertension are independent risk factors for left ventricular hypertrophy in non-diabetic patients with uremia who are receiving HD. Further ...

4 Elevated 1-Hour Postload Plasma Glucose Levels Identify Subjects With Normal Glucose Tolerance but Impaired {beta}-Cell Function, Insulin Resistance, and Worse Cardiovascular Risk Profile: The GENFIEV Study Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, April 5, 2013
Bianchi C. et al.- The purpose of this study was to evaluate β-cell function, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk profile in subjects with NGT with a 1-h OGTT glucose of >155 mg/dL.In subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) 1-hour postload plasma glucose (1-h oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]) of >155 mg/dL predicts type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Among subjects with NGT, those with 1-hour OGTT ...

5 Metabolic inflammation: Connecting obesity and insulin resistance Annals of Medicine, May 22, 2013
Dali-Youcef N et al. - insulin resistance is a pathological condition that arises when insulin signaling is impaired, forcing {beta}-cells to produce more insulin in order to cope with body demands and to maintain glucose homeostasis. Authors review here the molecular aspects of metabolic inflammation converging to insulin resistance and secondarily to type 2 diabetes. They also discuss the place of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the assessment of ...

6 The roles of aerobic exercise training and suppression IL-6 gene expression by RNA interference in the development of insulin resistance Cytokine, February 13, 2013
Tang H et al. - To demonstrate the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training inhibits the development of insulin resistance through IL-6 and probe into the possible molecular mechanism about it. Aerobic exercise training prevented the development of insulin resistance through IL-6 to a certain degree. The gene expression and secretion of IL-6 could inhibit the development of insulin resistance. The mechanism of the effects were possibly related with elevating the levels ...

7 Effect of lifestyle modification on serum chemerin concentration and its association with insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes Clinical Endocrinology, May 22, 2013
Kim SH et al. – Chemerin, a recently identified adipokine, has been linked to adiposity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome risk factors and inflammation. Here, the authors evaluated whether a 12–week lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes could significantly affect the average blood glucose and serum chemerin levels over time. A 12 week intensive lifestyle intervention significantly decreased serum chemerin level compared to usual care. Decrease in ...

8 Is measurement of non-HDL cholesterol an effective way to identify the metabolic syndrome Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases, February 15, 2013
Liu A et al. - The study aim was to determine whether non-HDL-C serves as a useful metabolic marker for MetS in adults. While MetS was associated with increased non-HDL-C, an effective non-HDL-C threshold to predict MetS in adults was not identified. Dyslipidemic nuances may explain why non-HDL-C may be less useful as a metabolic marker for MetS and/or insulin resistance than for CHD. Methods Fasting non-HDL-C ...

9 Therapeutic Destruction of Insulin Receptor Substrates for Cancer Treatment Cancer Research, May 13, 2013
Reuveni H et al. - insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1/2) mediate mitogenic and anti-apoptotic signaling from insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), insulin receptor (IR) and other oncoproteins. IRS1 plays a central role in cancer cell proliferation, its expression is increased in many human malignancies and its up-regulation mediates resistance to anti-cancer drugs. The findings offer preclinical proof of concept for IRS1/2 inhibitors as cancer ...

10 Impact of diet and exercise training-induced weight loss on myocardial mechanics in severely obese adolescents Obesity, April 29, 2013
Obert P et al. – Recent findings indicated silent incipient myocardial dysfunction in juvenile obesity despite normal global cardiac function. The present study investigated whether lifestyle intervention is able to favourably impact these obesity–related myocardial abnormalities and whether improvements are related to changes in insulin resistance and cardiac remodelling. Juvenile obesity is associated with myocardial mechanic abnormalities that can be partly corrected by lifestyle ...