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Initial Trophic vs Full Enteral Feeding in Patients With Acute Lung Injury
JAMA, 02/22/2012
Rice TW et al - In patients with acute lung injury, compared with full enteral feeding, a strategy of initial trophic enteral feeding for up to 6 days did not improve ventilator-free days, 60-day mortality, or infectious complications but was associated with less gastrointestinal intolerance.
Methods- The EDEN study, a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial conducted from January 2, 2008, through April 12, 2011.
- Participants were 1000 adults within 48hours of developing acute lung injury requiring mechanical ventilation whose physicians intended to start enteral nutrition at 44 hospitals in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ARDS Clinical Trials Network.
- Participants were randomized to receive either trophic or full enteral feeding for the first 6days.
- After day 6, the care of all patients who were still receiving mechanical ventilation was managed according to the full feeding protocol.
- Ventilator-free days to study day 28.
- Baseline characteristics were similar between the trophic-feeding (n=508) and full-feeding (n = 492) groups.
- The full-feeding group received more enteral calories for the first 6days, about 1300 kcal/d compared with 400kcal/d (P<.001).
- Initial trophic feeding did not increase the number of ventilator-free days (14.9 [95% CI, 13.9 to 15.8] vs 15.0 [95% CI, 14.1 to 15.9]; difference,-0.1 [95% CI,-1.4 to 1.2]; P = .89) or reduce 60-day mortality (23.2% [95% CI, 19.6% to 26.9%] vs 22.2% [95% CI, 18.5% to 25.8%]; difference, 1.0% [95% CI,-4.1% to 6.3%]; P=.77) compared with full feeding.
- There were no differences in infectious complications between the groups.
- Despite receiving more prokinetic agents, the full-feeding group experienced more vomiting (2.2% vs 1.7% of patient feeding days; P=.05), elevated gastric residual volumes (4.9% vs 2.2% of feeding days; P<.001), and constipation (3.1% vs 2.1% of feeding days; P=.003).
- Mean plasma glucose values and average hourly insulin administration were both higher in the full-feeding group over the first 6days.
