Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is a major risk factor for acute kidney injury following off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery
Intensive Care Medicine, 06/04/2012

Lee EH et al. – Preoperative low serum albumin level is an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI), and postoperative AKI is associated with poor outcomes after off–pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB) in patients with preoperative normal renal function.

• The authors assessed preoperative and perioperative risk factors, and preoperative serum albumin concentration in 1,182 consecutive adult patients with preoperative normal renal function who underwent OPCAB surgery.
• Each patient was categorized by maximal Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria based on creatinine changes within the first 48h after OPCAB.
• Logistic regression and propensity analyses were performed to evaluate the association between preoperative low serum albumin level and postoperative AKI.

• Of the 1,182 patients, 334 (28.3%) developed AKI.
• Risk factors for AKI were old age, diabetes mellitus, maximal cardiovascular component of the sequential organ failure assessment score, perioperative transfusion, and postoperative C-reactive protein concentration.
• The risk of AKI was negatively correlated with the volume of crystalloid infused during surgery.
• A preoperative serum albumin level of <4.0g/dl was independently associated Ith postoperative AKI [multivariable logistic analysis: odds ratio (OR) 1.83, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.27–2.64; P=0.001; propensity analysis: OR 1.62, 95 % CI 1.12–2.35; P=0.011).
• AKI was associated with prolonged stay in the intensive care unit and hospital and a high mortality rate.