The Effect of Duration of Surgery on Fluid Balance During Abdominal Surgery: A Mathematical Model Tatara T et al. - Based on the model, it should be possible to increase the fluid infusion rate without significant interstitial edema for abdominal surgery of <3 h duration. However, the model predicts that restrictive fluid management should be used in abdominal surgery of >6 h duration to avoid excessive interstitial edema. [more...]