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Vitamin D deficiency and mortality
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, 10/21/09

Zittermann A et al. – Several large nonrandomized studies indicate that different from adequate 25(OH)D concentrations (>75 nmol/l), deficient 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with excess mortality in the general population and in patients with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Results support an earlier meta–analysis of controlled trials that were not primarily designed to assess mortality showing a survival benefit of vitamin D supplementation over no supplementation in middle–aged and elderly persons. In patients with advanced chronic diseases such as end–stage heart failure, however, circulating calcitriol predicts mid–term mortality better than 25(OH)D does. Available data indicate that these patients may enter a vicious cycle of low calcitriol, increased inflammation markers, and renal impairment, which may be difficult to escape by simple vitamin D supplementation.

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