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High ACAT1 expression in estrogen receptor negative basal-like breast cancer cells is associated with LDL-induced proliferation
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 11/04/09

Antalis CJ et al. – A greater ability to take up, store and utilize exogenous cholesterol confers a proliferative advantage to basal-like ER? breast cancer cells. Differences in lipid uptake and storage capability may at least partially explain the differential effect of a low-fat diet on human breast cancer recurrence.

Methods

lipid storage functions were studied in ER? basal-like MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cell lines

Results

Both triacylglycerol and cholesteryl ester (CE) concentrations were higher in the ER? cells, but the ability to synthesize CE distinguished the two types of breast cancer cells
Higher baseline, oleic acid- and LDL-stimulated CE concentrations were found in ER? compared to ER+ cells
The differences corresponded to greater mRNA and protein levels of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), higher ACAT activity, higher caveolin-1 protein levels, greater LDL uptake, and lower de novo cholesterol synthesis in ER? cells
Human LDL stimulated proliferation of ER? MDA-MB-231 cells, but had little effect on proliferation of ER+ MCF-7 cells
The functional significance of these findings was demonstrated by the observation that the ACAT inhibitor CP-113,818 reduced proliferation of breast cancer cells, and specifically reduced LDL-induced proliferation of ER? cells